Category list : Bacterial infections
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Managing fever in children
This learning resource outlines guideline-based recommendations for the management of children and young people with fever, including the appropriate use of over-the-counter analgesics, to support effective pharmacy consultations.
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IV antibiotics no more effective than oral for eradicating infection in cystic fibrosis patients, study suggests Subscription
Intravenous antibiotics are not superior to oral antibiotics for eradicating Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients, according to a randomised controlled trial in Lancet Respiratory Medicine.
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Cefiderocol effective for carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections Subscription
The clinical and microbiological outcomes of cefiderocol, a new antibiotic, were similar to the best available therapy for patients with life-threatening carbapenem-resistant infections, a phase III study has suggested.
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Stuck in the 1950s: why UTI diagnosis badly needs an update Subscription
Urinary tract infections are the second most common reason for prescribing an antibiotic and, with antimicrobial stewardship a priority for the government, the stakes for accurate diagnosis are being raised ever higher.
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Clinical guidelines recommend dipstick tests for lower UTI diagnosis alongside two or more symptoms Subscription
Accurate diagnosis of a lower urinary tract infection in women aged under 65 years should be based on a positive dipstick test result for nitrite, alongside two or more urinary symptoms, new guidelines from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network say.
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Would my son have his Lyme disease diagnosis without my mother's instinct? It's time we trusted our patients
Pharmacist Arlene Brailey continues to fight for better testing and diagnosis of Lyme disease, after a tick bite left her son chronically ill.
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Sepsis risk factors could help inform antimicrobial stewardship in primary care, study suggests Subscription
Risk of sepsis and benefit from antibiotics following a GP consultation for infection are more substantial among those who are older, frail or who have had a urinary tract infection, a study has found.
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Community management of pneumonia and suspected COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of understanding the differences between viral and bacterial pneumonia, and how adult patients can be managed as they recover at home.
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Clinical pipeline of new antibiotics remains small, global report highlights Subscription
A quarter of clinical-stage antibiotics are supported by plans to ensure better access and good stewardship after launch compared to 7% in 2018, but the clinical pipeline of antibiotics for priority infections remains small, according to a report published by the Access to Medicine Foundation.
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Why the newly licensed antibiotic cefepime should be introduced to UK formularies Subscription
Healthcare trusts should consider introducing the antibiotic cefepime to their outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy services to tackle infections that are becoming resistant to carbapenem antibiotics.
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Only 25% of patients with a UTI give a urine sample to confirm diagnosis Subscription
Most patients with urinary tract infections receive antibiotics on the day of diagnosis, but just a quarter have evidence of a urine sample being taken in their electronic health records, study results show.
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Case-based learning: meningitis Subscription
Causes, diagnosis and initial management options for adults and children with meningitis.
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Antibiotics overused in emergency departments for suspected UTI Subscription
Over 60% of patients treated for a urinary tract infection lack evidence of the infection, a study carried out in a Birmingham emergency department has found.
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Reducing cephalosporin-related supply errors Subscription
Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antimicrobials that exert bactericidal effects through disruption of the bacterial cell wall. These broad-spectrum antimicrobials have played a core role in the treatment of severe infections since their launch in the latter half of the 20th century. Early generation cephalosporins provide robust coverage of Gram-positive bacteria, while the newer third- and fourth-generations offer additional Gram-negative coverage, including Pseudomonas ...
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Treat UTIs early in older adults 'to minimise sepsis risk' Subscription
Delaying or withholding antibiotics in older adults with urinary tract infections is associated with an increased risk of bloodstream infection and all-cause mortality, research published in The BMJ has shown.
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Rolling out emergency treatment boxes for bacterial endophthalmitis Subscription
Bacterial endophthalmitis is a sight-threatening eye infection, which may occur after penetrating injuries and ocular procedures. Bacterial load in the eye can double within 30 minutes. For this reason, European guidelines recommend delivery of endophthalmitis treatment within one hour of presentation
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Study results show increased hydration can prevent recurrent cystitis Subscription
Increased water intake can help prevent cystitis and reduce antibiotic use in women with recurrent infections who drink less than 1.5 litres of fluid a day, study results have shown.
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Antibiotic-resistant bacteria responsible for over 33,000 deaths in Europe in 2015, study finds
Infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria accounted for over 33,000 deaths across Europe in 2015, researchers from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control have calculated.
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Chlamydia-like STI could become next 'superbug' if testing does not improve, say sexual health experts Subscription
The British Association of Sexual Health and HIV has produced its first guideline for the diagnosis of a little known but common sexually transmitted infection called Mycoplasma genitalium, to address concerns that MG has the potential to become a “superbug” within 10 years.
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7-day antibiotic course ‘non-inferior’ to 14 days for treatment of Gram-negative bacteraemia Subscription
Research has shown that shorter antibiotic courses are not inferior to longer courses for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteraemia.
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Women with uncomplicated UTIs should not be recommended ibuprofen alone, study finds
Ibuprofen alone should not be recommended as an initial treatment for women with uncomplicated urinary tract infections, researchers have said.
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NICE publishes draft guidance on antibiotic prescribing for UTIs Subscription
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has published a set of draft guidelines to help healthcare professionals optimise antimicrobial prescribing for urinary tract infections and minimise antimicrobial resistance.
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Point-of-care C-reactive protein testing in community pharmacy to deliver appropriate interventions in respiratory tract infections Subscription
This pilot study sought to evaluate the potential use of point-of-care (POC) C-reactive protein (CRP) testing for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in a rural community pharmacy in North Staffordshire, UK, in conjunction with local GP practices. The study found that the use of POC CRP testing in community pharmacies has the potential to reduce the number of GP appointments caused by RTIs and, therefore, may help reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing.
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NICE publishes new guidance to help with diagnosing Lyme disease
The National Institute of Health and Care Excellence has published new guidance on diagnosing and treating Lyme disease.
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Syphilis: diagnosis and management options Subscription
In 2016, the number of diagnoses of syphilis in England rose by 12%. Pharmacists and healthcare professionals should be aware of the signs and symptoms, as well as the treatment options for this disease, and understand the role they can play in the wider promotion of good sexual health to patients.
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Vaping could increase risk of pneumonia, study finds Subscription
E-cigarette vapour may increase susceptibility to pneumonia-causing bacteria, a new study published in the European Respiratory Journal has found.
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Diagnosis and management of hospital-acquired pneumonia in older adults Subscription
Hospital‑acquired pneumonia increases the length of in-patient hospital stay and is associated with high mortality rates, particularly in older people. Pharmacists and healthcare professionals need to know how to diagnose and manage the condition, and be cognisant of the gaps in the evidence base.
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WHO publishes first AMR surveillance report
The World Health Organization has published its first Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) report.
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Researchers discover new way to identify antibiotics using cancer cells Subscription
Three of the compounds explored in the study inhibited cancer cell growth and also behaved as broad-spectrum antibiotics, with two effective against Staphylococcus aureus
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Genome sequencing reveals how MRSA spreads
Strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) previously thought to be restricted to hospitals are spreading in the wider UK population, according to new research published in the journal Science.
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Putting the rise of STIs in England into context Subscription
Laura Waters explains the rise of STIs in the UK, the possible reasons behind it and possible solutions, and considers the challenges posed by the current economic climate.
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New test determines antibiotic susceptibility in less than 30 minutes Subscription
A diagnostic test for urinary tract infections, that affect 100 million women annually, could be valuable in the fight against antimicrobial resistance.
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NICE publishes draft guidance on Lyme disease
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has released draft guidelines on how to spot and treat Lyme disease.
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AMR and diagnostics: pointing the way to better infection control Subscription
Antimicrobial resistance — the ability of previously sensitive microorganisms to resist the effects of an antimicrobial agent — is a growing problem. The World Health Organization has warned that we could be moving into a post-antibiotic era where even minor injuries could lead to life-threatening infections, consequently putting an end to complex surgery and returning us to an era where childbirth is high-risk.
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Antimicrobial therapies for Gram-positive infections Subscription
Gram-positive bacteria are among the most common human pathogens associated with clinical infections, which range from mild skin infections to sepsis. In an era defined by antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and an increasing drive toward delivering patient care via ambulatory pathways, the paradigm for the management of infections is changing. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), the best known cases of ...
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A strong base: the importance of foot health
Healthcare professionals are beginning to recognise the importance of keeping our feet in good working order, but does more need to be done to communicate this message to the public? Find out in this feature produced in partnership with RB.
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New antibiotic shown to be effective against gonorrhoea superbug
A new class of antibiotic has been found to be effective against Neisseria gonorrhoeae according to researchers from Imperial College London and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
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Identifying common foot conditions
Patients visit their pharmacy to seek advice on a variety of conditions affecting their feet. This visual guide for pharmacists and their teams illustrates some common foot conditions, and describes their key features, causes and treatment. Produced in partnership with RB.
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EU agencies reiterate concern over antimicrobial resistance
Three EU agencies have expressed concern over the impact of the use of antibiotics on the increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria
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Antibiotics increase cure rate from small skin abscesses compared with drainage alone Subscription
The role of antibiotics in treating small skin abscesses, including those infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, is currently unclear, with some clinicians opting to simply drain abscesses without antibiotics.
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No evidence that stopping antibiotics early encourages antibiotic resistance, say experts
Evidence does not support the ‘deeply embedded’ link between stopping antibiotics early and resistance, says BMJ analysis.
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Q&A: Let’s talk foot care with patients
As part of The Pharmaceutical Journal and RB’s joint campaign on foot health, five healthcare professionals talk about their different approaches to discussing foot care with patients and the challenges they face.
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Living in a microbial world Subscription
I contain multitudes: the microbes within us and a grander view of life, by Ed Yong.
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How the Gates Foundation seeks to energise the global fight against neglected tropical diseases Subscription
The president of the global health division at the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Trevor Mundel, reveals how it is taking action against neglected tropical diseases.
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Travel health services provided through UK community pharmacies Subscription
In 2016, there were 70.8 million visits abroad by UK residents[1] and the World Tourism Organization expects worldwide tourist arrivals to increase to 1.8 billion by 2030
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Risk of drug-resistant sepsis raised for three years after bacteria exposure Subscription
Patients can be 50 to 100 times more likely to get a blood stream infection in the years after Enterobacteriaceae is detected in faeces and urine, study results suggest.
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New compound could improve treatment of lung infection in cystic fibrosis patients
Scientists have developed a new compound that could improve the quality of life of cystic fibrosis patients by increasing the effectiveness of antibiotics in tackling chronic lung infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Peptide inspired by Komodo dragon blood promotes wound healing Subscription
Researchers in the United States use peptide from Komodo dragon to enhance wound healing in mice.
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Lung bacteria imaging tool could help tackle antibiotic resistance
Source: Shutterstock.com The researchers behind the technology are currently focusing on using it to help individuals in intensive care with suspected pneumonia
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NICE wants patients with suspected sepsis to be treated within an hour
Patients with suspected sepsis must be assessed and treated within one hour by hospital staff if they are deemed to be at high risk of severe illness or death, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, the health technology assessment body, has said.
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